Unlike a traditional airborne radar which follows an aircraft by bouncing off of it, ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) is an active communication between an aircraft and its ground-based sensors. ADS-B uses 1090MHz frequency to transmit data in standard form to ground facilities, which can then independently determine the aircraft’s location and speed. This system is now mandatory for large aircraft in the United States and Europe, with its implementation slated for 2020 and 2023, respectively.
ADS-B, which is relatively new in aviation, was first implemented in the United States in 2005. There are two major subsystems to the ADS-B function. One is the transmitter that sends data down to ground facilities, and the other is the receiver that receives data from transmitters. These subsystems are used to provide information on aircraft such as speed, altitude and other pertinent data to the ground-based facilities. The transmitter is the most important component of the system. ADS-B is also capable of intercepting position reports from other aircraft. It can also be used to improve air traffic control by displaying aircraft positions in real time, which is not possible with other forms of surveillance.
There are many types of ADS/B systems. The most popular is the TACAN. Other systems include the FLARM system, which isn't compatible with ADS-B. Also, the TACAN-G (which are more expensive and slower) and the TACAN-G (which are slower and more expensive). FLARM is the best of these systems, as it can be used in tracking gliders. The system isn't compatible with ADS-B, so it's not the best choice for gliders. ADS-B, which provides information about aircraft movements on the ground and in the air, is far better. It's also a highly effective method of surveillance.
There are several versions and the most current is ADS-B Version 3.0. Although the name sounds a bit clunky, it has been adopted by many countries including Japan, France, and the United States. ADS-B signals can also be heard from the ground as well as in the stratosphere. ADS-B, although not mandatory, is the functional equivalent to a flight data recorder and can also intercept and record position reports from other aircraft. It has been a boon for airtraffic control, but has also been controversial. Some pilots argue that the system is a hindrance to safety, especially when it comes to flying gliders and other light aircraft.
